Here you will find my collection of cheatsheets. This is mainly because I find it hard to remember every command. So i make a note here and refer back to it when needed.
If you like it please leave a comment, or if you have a command to recommend then please let me know.
Please note that this page is:
VMware Cheatsheet
These cheats sheets are to be used on VMware plaform
| Command | What it does? |
|---|---|
| /etc/init.d/hostd restart /etc/init.d/vpxa restart | Restart ESX host services |
| # Check if your VM has (Change Block Tracking) enabled or not (Get-VM -Name XXXXXX).ExtensionData.Config.ChangeTrackingEnabled (Get-VM -Name XXXXXX).ExtensionData.Config.ChangeTrackingEnabled # Find VMs where CBT (Change Block Tracking) is Enabled Get-VM| Where-Object{$_.ExtensionData.Config.ChangeTrackingEnabled -eq $true} | Change block tracking is when the disk writes all changes as blocks to disks. It means the entire datastore allocation is used. Useful for backup software |
| Get-VM | Get-NetworkAdapter | Select @{N='VM';E={$_.Parent.Name}},@{N='AdapterName';E={$_.Name}},@{N='Type';E={$_.Type}} | Where-Object{$_.Type -eq "e1000"} | Get VM Network details that equal E1000 - useful if your servers should be on VMXNET3 (10gb) |
| Get-vm | Select Name, @{N="IP Address";E={@($_.guest.IPAddress[0])}} | Get VM IP address |
| Get-VM | Select Name, @{N="Cluster";E={Get-Cluster -VM $_}}, @{N="ESX Host";E={Get-VMHost -VM $_}}, @{N="Datastore";E={Get-Datastore -VM $_}} |sort-object Datastore | Gets VM Name, Cluster details, host details and Datastore information |
| Get-VM | Get-NetworkAdapter | Select-Object Parent,Type | Gets VM details and shows the display adapter |
| get-vm | foreach-object -process {get-harddisk $_} | select-object storageformat | format-list | Displays what storage format is used - thick lazy zero, thick eager zero, thin provisioned |
| Get-VM | Get-Snapshot | Where {$_.Created -lt (Get-Date).AddDays(-90)} | Select-Object VM, Name, Created, SizeMB | Get Snapshot details |
| Get-VM | Get-Snapshot | Where {$_.Created -lt (Get-Date).AddDays(-120)} | Remove-Snapshot -Confirm:$false | Remove all snapshots older than 120 days |
| Get-VM | Format-Table Name, @{Label="NumSnapshots";Expression={(Get-Snapshot -VM $_ | Measure-Object).Count}} | Lists all VMs and displays how many snapshots per VM |
| get-vm |% { get-view $_.id } | select Name, @{ Name=";ToolsVersion";; Expression={$_.config.tools.toolsVersion}} | Get VMware Tools version |
| get-vmhost | select Name,@{Name="Time";Expression={(get-view $_.ExtensionData.configManager.DateTimeSystem).QueryDateTime()}} | Get the time on the hosts ESX servers |
| ForEach ($VM in Get-VM ){($VM.Extensiondata.Guest.Disk | Select @{N="Name";E={$VM.Name}},DiskPath, @{N="Capacity(MB)";E={[math]::Round($_.Capacity/ 1MB)}}, @{N="Free Space(MB)";E={[math]::Round($_.FreeSpace / 1MB)}}, @{N="Free Space %";E={[math]::Round(((100* ($_.FreeSpace))/ ($_.Capacity)),0)}})} | Get VM Name, Displays disk paths, used space and free space. |
| Get-VMHost | Sort Name | Get-View | Select Name, @{N="CPU";E={$_.Hardware.CpuPkg[0].Description}} | Get CPU information of ESX Host |
| Get-VMHost |Sort Name |Get-View |Select Name, @{N=“Type“;E={$_.Hardware.SystemInfo.Vendor+ “ “ + $_.Hardware.SystemInfo.Model}},@{N=“CPU“;E={“PROC:“ + $_.Hardware.CpuInfo.NumCpuPackages + “ CORES:“ + $_.Hardware.CpuInfo.NumCpuCores + “ MHZ: “ + [math]::round($_.Hardware.CpuInfo.Hz / 1000000, 0)}},@{N=“MEM“;E={“” + [math]::round($_.Hardware.MemorySize / 1GB, 0) + “ GB“}} | Get ESX host, get server information, Number of CPU sockets, Cors and the speed of the CPU mhz |
| Get-Vmhost * | This lists useful information about all your ESX hosts |
| get-vmhost -datastore XXXXX | List useful information about a particular datastore |
| Get-VMHostService -vmhost XXXXX | Gets details about all services on the host |
| Get-VMHostService | where {$_.key -eq "TSM-SSH"} | Get SSH service details from hosts |
| Get-VMHostService | where {$_.key -eq "TSM-SSH"} | Start-VMHostService | Start SSH service on host |
| Get-VMHostService | where {$_.key -eq "TSM-SSH"} | Stop-VMHostService | Stop SSH service on host |
| Get-VM | Get-Snapshot | Gets snapshot details from servers powered on or powered off |
| Get-VM | Get-VMGuest | format-table | Useful command to strip out VM details - such as IP, OS etc |
| Get-VMHost | Select @{N="Cluster";E={Get-Cluster -VMHost $_}}, Name, @{N="NumVM";E={($_ | Get-VM).Count}} | Sort Cluster, Name | Lists the number of clusters, and each VM on each host and cluster |
| ForEach ($VM in Get-VM ){($VM.Extensiondata.Guest.Disk | Select @{N="Name";E={$VM.Name}},DiskPath, @{N="Capacity(MB)";E={[math]::Round($_.Capacity/ 1MB)}}, @{N="Free Space(MB)";E={[math]::Round($_.FreeSpace / 1MB)}}, @{N="Free Space %";E={[math]::Round(((100* ($_.FreeSpace))/ ($_.Capacity)),0)}})} | Extracts Disk space info on all VMs |
| Get-VMHost |Sort Name |Get-View |Select Name, @{N=“Type“;E={$_.Hardware.SystemInfo.Vendor+ “ “ + $_.Hardware.SystemInfo.Model}},@{N=“CPU“;E={“PROC:“ + $_.Hardware.CpuInfo.NumCpuPackages + “ CORES:“ + $_.Hardware.CpuInfo.NumCpuCores + “ MHZ: “ + [math]::round($_.Hardware.CpuInfo.Hz / 1000000, 0)}},@{N=“MEM“;E={“” + [math]::round($_.Hardware.MemorySize / 1GB, 0) + “ GB“}} | Lists each host, cpu , mem etc |
| Get-VMHost | Get-VMHostNetwork | Select Hostname, VMKernelGateway -ExpandProperty VirtualNic | Where {$_.ManagementTrafficEnabled} | Select Hostname, PortGroupName, IP, SubnetMask | Get host management network details |
| Get-VMHost | Get-VMHostNetwork | Select Hostname, VMKernelGateway -ExpandProperty VirtualNic | Where {$_.vMotionEnabled} | Select Hostname, PortGroupName, IP, SubnetMask | Get host vmotion network details |
| Get-VMHost | Get-Cluster | Select Name, DrsEnabled, DrsMode, DrsAutomationLevel | Get Host DRS settings |
| Get-VMHost | Get-Cluster | Select Name, VMSwapfilePolicy | Get host swap file details |
| Get-VMHost | Get-Cluster | Select Name, HAAdmissionControlEnabled | Get Host HA details |
| Get-VMHost | Get-Cluster | Select Name, HAFailoverLevel, HARestartPriority, HAIsolationResponse | Get Host failover settings |
| Get-VMHost | Get-VMHostNetwork | Select Hostname, VMKernelGateway -ExpandProperty VirtualNic | Select Hostname, PortGroupName, IP, MTU | Get VMkernel details fom hoss |
| Get-VirtualSwitch | Select VMHost, Name, MTU | Get MTU value from hosts |
| Get-View -ViewType HostSystem | Sort Name | Select Name,@{N="BIOS version";E={$_.Hardware.BiosInfo.BiosVersion}}, @{N="BIOS date";E={$_.Hardware.BiosInfo.releaseDate}} | Get host bios details |
| Get-VIEvent -maxsamples 10000 |where {$_.Gettype().Name-eq "VmCreatedEvent" -or $_.Gettype().Name-eq "VmBeingClonedEvent" -or $_.Gettype().Name-eq "VmBeingDeployedEvent"} |Sort CreatedTime -Descending |Select CreatedTime, UserName,FullformattedMessage -First 10 | Find VMs created in the last 10 days |
Linux Cheatsheet
These cheats sheets are to be used on Linux Servers (Typically RHEL)
Networking
| Command | What is does? |
|---|---|
| route add -net 10.98.208.40 netmask 255.255.255.255 gw 172.31.191.254 | Add a static root - substitute for your IP information |
| route del -net 10.98.208.40 netmask 255.255.255.255 gw 172.31.191.254 | Remove static route |
| ifconfig eth1 192.168.1.2 netmask 255.255.240.0 gw 192.168.1.1 | Configure Ethernet |
| /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts | Location for Networking boot configuration |
| ifup eth1 boot | enable NIC at boot |
| ifdown eth1 boot | disabled NIC at boot |
| ip -s link | enable overview of traffic |
| dhclient eth01 dhclient ens33 | get new IP from DHCP |
| /etc/sysconfig/network | basic Network config |
| cat /etc/resolv.conf | DNS server details |
| cat /etc/hosts | Local host file |
| cat /etc/services | Ports used for Firewall |
| iptable -F | Flush IPtables |
| iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 48000 -j ACCEPT | Open port 48000 on firewall |
Aix Cheatsheet
I’m a big fan of the verstility of of AIX. Its such a reliable OS and once you get your head around the concepts its very easy to manage and maintain. If you know Linux you can apply the majority of that knowledge to AIX.
Most of these commands will also work on Linux
| Command | What it does |
| find / -xdev | xargs ls -ld | sort -rnk 5 | more | Search AIX Filesystem for files |
| egrep –p “ Search string “ –f filename.log | useful for grep very large dsmsched.logs |
| q vol devclass=lto_tape | Queries Tape Library and Lists Scratch tapes |
| q req | lists requests to reply to |
| lscfg –vl fcs3 | Get details of a fibre card fcs3 |
| nohup /opt/Tivoli/tsm/client/ba/bin/rc.tsmclient >/dev/null 2>&1 | Starts TSM Process |
| dd if=/dev/cdrom of=line500v7.1WindowsServer.iso bs=1024 | Command how to copy ISO on AIX |
| ls |sort |awk ‘{name=toupper($1);if(name==pre1) printf(“** %s %s\n”,$1,pre2); pre1=name;pre2=$1}’ | AIX command used to find the duplicate files |
| find /var -xdev | xargs ls -ld | sort -rnk 5 | more | Finding large files in AIX (EG /VAR) |
| startsrc -s qdaemon | restart error daemon |
Terraform Cheatsheet
| Command | What it does? |
|---|---|
| terraform -install-autocomplete | Enables tab completion |
| -help | Shows the help files |
| apply | apply the changes |
| console | creates and interactive console |
| destroy | destroys the Terraform-managed infrastructure |
| fmt | used to rewrite Terraform configuration files |
| force-unlock | used to remove lock on the state for the current configuration |
| get | used to download and update modules |
| graph | used to generate a a graph |
| import | used to import existing resources |
| init | used to initilize a working directory |
| output | used to extract the value of an output variable |
| plan | used to create an execution plan |
| providers | used to print information about providers (eg VMware, AWS, HyperV etc etc etc) |
| push | used to upload your configuration |
| refresh | used to update the state of a file |
| show | useds to provide output from a state or plan file |
| state | used for advanced state management |
| taint | used to mark resources as tainted |
| validate | used to validate the syntax of terraform files |
| untaint | used to unmark a resourse as tainted |
| workspace | used to manage workspaces |
| Type or Variable | What it does |
|---|---|
| "var" prefix | User String Variable Interpolate |
| "var.MAP["KEY"] | User Map Variable Value of Key |
| "${var.LIST}" | Value of the list as a list List elements by Index |
| "self.ATTRIBUTE" | Own Resource |
| "TYPE.NAME.ATTRIBUTE" | Other Resource |
| "data.TYPE.NAME.ATTRIBUTE" | Data Source |
| MODULE.NAME.OUTPUT" | Module outputs |
| "Count.FIELD" | Count |
| "path.TYPE" | Path |
| "terraform.FIELD" | Terraform Meta |
San Volume Controller (SVC) Cheat Sheet
| Command ▾ | Common Arguments & Description | Command Description |
| svcinfo lscluster | Displays cluster members id, name, location, ip-address etc | Display info about clusters |
| svcinfo lscontroller | Displays controllers id, name etc | Display info about controllers visible to the system |
| svcinfo lsfabric | Displays remote_wwpn, remote_nportid, id, node_name, local_wwpn, local_port etc | Display connectivity between nodes and other controllers and hosts |
| svcinfo lshost | Displays controllers id, name etc | Display info about controllers visible to the system |
| svcinfo lshostvdiskmap | host1 (Obtain a list of the virtual disks that are mapped (visible) to host1, including vdisk_id, vdisk_name, wwpn etc) | Obtain a list of the virtual disks that are mapped (visible) to a given host |
| svcinfo lsmdisk | Displays id, name, status, mode, mdisk_grp_name etc for all MDisks | Display info about MDisks visible to the cluster |
| svcinfo lsmdiskgrp | Displays id, name, status, mdisk_count, vdisk_count, capacity etc for all MDisk groups | Display info about MDisk groups visible to the cluster |
| svcinfo lsrcconsistgrp | app_CG1 (Displays a detailed view of consistency group app_CG1 including state, status and sync attributes | Displays a detailed view of Metro or Global Mirror consistency groups visible to the cluster |
| svcinfo lsrcrelationship | Displays id, name, master_cluster_name, master_vdisk_name, consistency_group_name etc | Display information about all the Metro Mirror relationships visible to the cluster |
| svcinfo lsvdisk | Displays id, name, io_group_name, status, mdisk_grp_id, mdisk_grp_name, capacity etc for all VDisks | Display information about VDisks recognized by the cluster |
| svcinfo lsvdisk | vdisk1 (Displays detailed information about vdisk1 including mdisk_grp_name and remote copy relationship RC_name) | Display detailed information about a specific VDisk recognized by the cluster |
| svctask mkrcrelationship | -master master_vdisk_name -aux aux_vdisk_name -cluster cluster_name -name data_1 (Creates a new rc relationship named data_1) | Creates a new Metro or Global Mirror relationship with virtual disks (VDisks) |
| svctask mkvdisk | -mdiskgrp 0 -iogrp 0 -size 50 -vtype striped -unit gb -name app1_1 (Create a vdisk named app1_1) | Create a sequential, striped of image mode Vdisk |
| svctask mkvdiskhostmap | -host host1 -scsi 1 app1_1 (Create a new mapping between vdisk app1_1 and host1 assigning SCSI LUN ID 1 to app1_1 on host1) | Create a new mapping between a virtual disk and a host making the vdisk accessible for I/O to the specified host |
| svctask startrcconsistgrp | -primary master -force (Start the consistency group copy process, specifying the copy direction (the master becomes the primary) even if the copy process leads to a temporary loss of consistency during synchronisation (-force)) | Start the Metro or Global Mirror consistency group copy process |
| svctask startrcrelationship | rc_rel_app1 (Start the remote copy relationship for relationship name rc_rel_app1) | Starts the Metro Mirror or Global Mirror relationship copy process |
| svctask stoprcconsistgrp | -access app_CG1 (Stops the copy process for consistency group app_CG1 and allows write access to consistent secondary VDisks in app_CG1 (-access)) | Stops the copy process for a Metro Mirror or Global Mirror consistency group |
